Copyright Policy

The Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management (SJBEM) is a fully open access journal that values both the rights of authors and the broad dissemination of scholarly work. Our copyright and licensing policy ensures transparency, accessibility, and respect for intellectual property in line with international publishing standards.

Author Copyright Retention

  • Authors retain full copyright of their published articles.
  • All articles are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. This license allows anyone to read, share, copy, adapt, and reuse the work for any lawful purpose, including commercial use, provided that proper credit is given to the original author(s) and source.
  • This approach maximizes the visibility, impact, and global reach of authors’ work while ensuring legal protection and acknowledgment of authorship.

For more details, please visit the official Creative Commons website: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Licensing Exceptions

In rare circumstances where an author’s funding agency mandates a different license, the author must inform the Managing Editorial Office at the time of submission.
Such requests will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis, and exceptions may be granted at the publisher’s discretion.

Use of Copyrighted Material from Other Sources

Authors are solely responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce any copyrighted material (e.g., figures, tables, images, or text excerpts) that they do not own.

Permission is required for:

  • The author’s own previously published works if the copyright was transferred to another publisher.
  • Substantial extracts or reproductions from books, articles, or other copyrighted sources.
  • Tables, graphs, charts, or artworks reproduced with little or no modification.
  • Photographs, illustrations, or media owned by another entity.

Permission is not required for:

  • Reconstructed tables or figures based on publicly available data (with appropriate citation).
  • Short quotations that qualify as fair use/fair dealing (with citation).
  • Graphs, charts, or figures that have been substantially redrawn or modified beyond recognition.

How to obtain permission:

  • Authors should contact the copyright holder as early as possible to prevent publication delays.
  • When permission is granted, authors must include the attribution wording required by the copyright holder.
  • If no specific format is provided, the following statement should be used:

“Reproduced with permission from [Author], [Book/Journal Title], published by [Publisher], [Year].”

Website and Content Copyright

All materials published on the SJBEM website — including text, graphics, logos, multimedia, design, and underlying code — are the intellectual property of the Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management (SJBEM) and its licensors.

Unauthorized use, reproduction, distribution, or modification of the website’s content without prior written consent is strictly prohibited.

Copyright and Open Access Statement:
SJBEM is committed to open access publishing. All published articles are freely available online immediately upon publication without subscription or access barriers. The journal does not require authors to transfer copyright and encourages the reuse and redistribution of published content under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license.